Understanding Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders (PMAD): Navigating Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Pregnancy and the postpartum period are often described as joyful, transformative times in a parent’s life. However, for many, these moments are accompanied by unexpected mental health challenges. Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders (PMAD) encompass a range of mental health conditions that affect parents during pregnancy and up to a year postpartum.
For families experiencing a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) stay, the risk of PMAD can increase significantly due to the emotional toll, stress, and uncertainty surrounding their baby’s health. At NEOwell, we are committed to supporting families navigating these challenges.
What is PMAD?
PMAD is an umbrella term for mental health disorders that occur during pregnancy or postpartum, including:
Postpartum Depression: Persistent sadness, hopelessness, or lack of interest in activities, including bonding with the baby.
Postpartum Anxiety: Overwhelming worry, fear, or restlessness that impacts daily functioning.
Postpartum OCD: Intrusive, unwanted thoughts and compulsive behaviors to try to manage them.
Postpartum PTSD: Often triggered by traumatic events during pregnancy, childbirth, or complications such as a NICU stay.
Postpartum Psychosis: A rare but severe condition characterized by hallucinations, delusions, and confusion, requiring immediate medical attention.
Symptoms to Watch For
Symptoms of PMAD can vary but may include:
Intense sadness or frequent crying
Difficulty bonding with the baby
Excessive worry or fear
Sleep disturbances unrelated to the baby’s schedule
Feelings of guilt, shame, or worthlessness
Difficulty concentrating or making decisions
Thoughts of self-harm or harm to the baby
How a NICU Stay Can Impact PMAD
A NICU stay can heighten the emotional and mental health challenges for parents. The experience of seeing your baby in a fragile state, often hooked up to monitors and medical equipment, can be traumatic. Common contributing factors include:
Separation Anxiety: Limited physical contact with the baby can disrupt bonding.
Uncertainty and Fear: Concerns about your baby’s health and long-term outcomes can fuel anxiety.
Guilt and Shame: Parents often blame themselves, even when complications are beyond their control.
Physical and Emotional Exhaustion: Balancing NICU visits, recovery from childbirth, and daily responsibilities is overwhelming.
Seeking Support
If you’re experiencing symptoms of PMAD, it’s important to know that help is available. Here are ways to start:
Talk to Your Provider: Share your feelings with your OB-GYN or pediatrician to access resources.
Therapy and Counseling: A trained therapist can help you process emotions and develop coping strategies.
Medication: For some, medication can be a valuable tool to restore balance.
Support Groups: Connecting with others who’ve experienced PMAD or a NICU stay can provide validation and encouragement.
How NEOwell Can Help
At NEOwell, we understand the unique challenges of NICU parents and those navigating the postpartum period. Our services are designed to offer emotional, educational, and practical support tailored to your needs, including:
In-person and virtual consultations for postpartum wellness
NICU discharge preparation and home support visits
24/7 text support to answer questions and provide reassurance
Resources to connect with local therapists and support groups
You are not Alone. You are not to Blame.
Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders are common and treatable, but they require acknowledgment and action. If you’re struggling, remember that you’re not alone, and there’s no shame in seeking help. At NEOwell, we’re here to support you every step of the way, ensuring you and your baby thrive both physically and emotionally.
For more support visit NEOwell’s list of services.
National Maternal Mental Health Hotline:
24/7, free, confidential. Help is available in over 60 languages.
1-833-TLC-MAMA (1-833-852-6262)
Virginia residents only:
Call or text the Postpartum Support Virginia Warmline at 1-703-829-7152