Understanding CMV and Its Connection to Hearing Loss in Newborns
As parents, our priority is to safeguard our baby's health. One condition that often goes unnoticed yet can have significant impacts is cytomegalovirus (CMV). CMV is a common viral infection that, when transmitted during pregnancy, can lead to congenital CMV—a leading cause of hearing loss in newborns. Let’s explore what CMV is, how it affects hearing, and steps you can take to protect your baby.
What is CMV?
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a member of the herpesvirus family and is widespread among adults. In healthy individuals, it usually causes mild or no symptoms. However, if a woman contracts CMV for the first time during pregnancy, the virus can pass to her developing baby, resulting in congenital CMV infection.
According to the CDC, congenital CMV affects about 1 in 200 babies born in the United States each year. While some babies show no symptoms, others may face severe health challenges, including hearing loss, vision problems, and developmental delays.
How Does CMV Cause Hearing Loss?
Hearing loss is one of the most common long-term effects of congenital CMV. This hearing loss can:
Be present at birth (sensorineural hearing loss).
Develop later in life, even if the baby showed no initial symptoms.
Vary in severity, ranging from mild to profound hearing impairment.
The virus damages the inner ear (cochlea) or auditory nerve, which disrupts the ability to process sound signals. This progressive nature of CMV-related hearing loss highlights the importance of regular hearing screenings for children diagnosed with congenital CMV.
Symptoms of CMV in Newborns
Most babies with congenital CMV show no immediate signs, but some may experience:
Low birth weight or small head size.
Jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).
Enlarged liver or spleen.
Seizures.
Hearing or vision issues.
If your baby has any of these symptoms or is at higher risk for CMV, speak to your pediatrician about testing and early intervention.
Preventing CMV During Pregnancy
Pregnant women can reduce their risk of contracting CMV by practicing good hygiene, especially around young children, who are common carriers of the virus. Key prevention tips include:
Wash Hands Thoroughly: Use soap and water, especially after changing diapers, feeding a child, or wiping their nose.
Avoid Sharing Utensils or Food: Do not share cups, utensils, or food with toddlers or children.
Clean Toys and Surfaces: Regularly sanitize objects that children touch frequently.
Practice Safe Kissing: Avoid kissing young children on the lips; opt for the top of the head instead.
These small actions can significantly reduce the risk of CMV transmission.
Early Diagnosis and Intervention
Early detection of congenital CMV is critical, especially to manage hearing loss. Babies diagnosed with CMV should undergo routine hearing evaluations. Early intervention services, such as hearing aids, cochlear implants, or speech therapy, can improve outcomes and help children thrive.
How NEOwell Supports Families Affected by CMV
At NEOwell, we understand the challenges parents face when navigating a diagnosis like congenital CMV. Our goal is to empower families with knowledge and connect them to resources that promote optimal health and development for their child. From prevention tips to guidance on hearing loss interventions, we’re here to support you every step of the way.
CMV may not always be top of mind for expectant parents, but understanding its impact—particularly on hearing loss—can make a significant difference. With proper prevention, early diagnosis, and intervention, children with congenital CMV can lead fulfilling lives.
For more information on CMV and hearing loss, reach out to our team today.